俗话说，万事开头难。
SCI写作实在并不难，难的只是没有节制写作技巧。
提高论文的档次不仅要看干货，还要看整体档次。
在这里紧张跟大家分享一下我在SCI中的写作履历。

1. SCI 写作Introduction部分五要素1.1 阐述背景、意义

以“A运用于B的效果研究”为例，用简洁精髓精辟的措辞对A进行解释，陈述其运用于B的背景，及研究意义。

1.2 指出研究领域存在的争议问题

大略描述该领域存在的问题所在及其影响。
这里须要引入前辈的研究动态，须要引用大量文献。
但是并非复制粘贴，而是要进行总结，再用自己的措辞输出。
总结要与自己的研究干系，为后面的研究做铺垫。

1.3 聚焦论文关键词或主题

通过陈述第二步，引入论文研究的关键词或主题。

1.4 回顾和概览古人对领域的研究

通过阅读大量文献，对古人在这一领域的研究进行总结，找出个中的共同点，创造个中的毛病。

1.5 提出本论文的事情及创新点

可以是新事物、新设备、新方法、新理论、新运用、新功能等。
比如，新运用，把A领域的功能运用到B领域，不雅观察并考验A在B领域的运用效果。
比如，新事物，创造原有事物的瑕疵，及瑕疵给功能带来的影响，并提出改进见地。
这一部分目的在于阐述自己的论文对该领域的贡献。

2. 论文中的句子“质量”

有人通篇用中式英语表达，如：Many scholars have proposed that....;we can use A to handle b; A is important to B；等等。
这些句子虽然能表达作者的意思，但是措辞不精髓精辟。
不妨更换为It is proposed by many scholars that...；A is suggested to be used to handle B; The importance of A to B is beyond doubt.

下面常用的句式可能对你的写作有所帮助：

2.1缘故原由阐明常用句式

This inconsistency may be due to …This discrepancy could be attributed to …A possible explanation for this might be that …This rather contradictory result may be due to …It seems possible that these results are due to …The observed increase in X could be attributed to …The possible interference of X cannot be ruled out …There are several possible explanations for this result.There are two likely causes for the differences between …A possible explanation for these results may be the lack of adequate …Since this difference has not been found elsewhere it is probably not due to …

2.2 结果谈论常用句式

These findings cannot be extrapolated to all patients.These data must be interpreted with caution because …These results therefore need to be interpreted with caution.These results do not rule out the influence of other factors in …This account must be approached with some caution because …It is important to bear in mind the possible bias in these responses.Although exclusion of X did not …, these results should be interpreted with caution.However, with a small sample size, caution must be applied, as the findings might not be …

2.3 提出建议常用句式

Strategies to enhance X might involve …Other types of response could include: a), b). …These results would seem to suggest that the …There would therefore seem to be a definite need for …A reasonable approach to tackle this issue could be to …Another possible area of future research would be to investigate why …

2.4 描述数据常用句式

Over half of those surveyed indicated that …Nearly half of the respondents (48%) agreed that …Approximately half of those surveyed did not comment on …Less than a third of those who responded (32%) indicated that …The number of first marriages in the United Kingdom fell by nearly two-fifths.Of the 148 patients who completed the questionnaire, just over half indicated that …

2.5陈述定义常用句式

The term ‘X’ was first used by …The term ‘X’ can be traced back to …Previous studies mostly defined X as …The term ‘X’ was introduced by Smith in her …Historically, the term ‘X’ has been used to describe …It is necessary here to clarify exactly what is meant by …This shows a need to be explicit about exactly what is meant by the word ‘X’.

2.6 描述该领域研究常用句式

To date, little evidence has been found associating X with Y.Up to now, the research has tended to focus on X rather than on Y.So far, three factors have been identified as being potentially important: X, Y, and Z.Since 1965, these four economies have doubled their share of world production and trade.Until recently, there has been little interest in X.Recently, these questions have been addressed by researchers in many fields.In recent years, researchers have investigated a variety of approaches to X but …More recently, literature has emerged that offers contradictory findings about …The past decade has seen the rapid development of X in many …Over the past 30 years there has been a significant increase in …Over the past century there has been a dramatic increase in …Over the past few decades, the world has seen the stunning transformation of X, Y and Z.

2.7 总结论文常用句式

Thus far, the thesis has argued that …The previous section has shown that …To conclude this section, the literature identifies …This section has reviewed the three key aspects of …In summary, it has been shown from this review that …This chapter has described the methods used in this investigation and it has …This section has attempted to provide a brief summary of the literature relating to …This chapter began by describing X and arguing that … It went on to suggest that the …In this section, it has been explained that … The chapter that follows moves on to consider the…

3. SCI论文撰写过程6大法则3.1 核心不雅观点

文章的核心不雅观点不可过于宽泛，一定要细致，详细而言，便是使读者能通过择要立时明白你要研究的内容。

例如：A：人工智能在电力变压器状态检修中的运用综述（研究宽泛，但可用于早期研究）B:人工智能驱动的数据剖析技能在电力变压器状态检修中的运用综述（研究精确，后期研究精确到：数据剖析技能）

我们可以将A作为一个研究课题，但这个主题比较宽泛，通过这个主题可以提炼更多的核心不雅观点，由此构成论文的核心不雅观点。

核心不雅观点可以是新事物、新设备、新方法、新理论、新运用、新功能等。
新运用，把A领域的功能运用到B领域，不雅观察并考验A在B领域的运用效果。
新事物，创造原有事物的瑕疵，及瑕疵给功能带来的影响，并提出改进见地。
这一部分目的在于阐述自己的论文对该领域的贡献。
新方法，该方法比原有的方法更廉价、效率更高、操作起来更大略。
常日情形下，借鉴跨领域的方法，运用到自己的研究中，这种是最常见的创新方法。
新设备，把A领域的设备运用到B领域，不雅观察并考验A在B领域的运用效果。
新理论，一样平常很难创新，条件是逻辑要严密，SCI论文少有偏理论的，但自己可以提出假设并验证。
新创造，这种比较难，不深耕该领域很难有新创造。
一样平常是一个很新的研究领域。

3.2 好的想法

好的想法常日在弁言部分能够表示，通过先容前辈的研究，引出自己的新想法，突出自己的不同点。

对付SCI小白而言，可通过借鉴模拟来完成弁言部分。
详细的是，***10篇该领域的SCI论文，研究其成文思路，将其每部分进行拆分，对每部分套写模拟。
SCI小白不妨按照这个框架来构思Introduction。

3.3 论文框架

论文框架构思技巧

在论文的整体框架中，实验设计十分主要，包括基本资料、设计目的、材料、参数、变量、对照、操作步骤等。
虽然主要，但这一部分该当是论文中最随意马虎写的一部分，只需对每一部分进行常规描述即可。
可参考其他文献模拟。
实验设计之后便是结果谈论，先描述数据剖析过程，在描述数据结果，该部分必须严谨，不可随意给出结果。
之后对数据结果进行谈论，包括数据的效果、产生该效果的缘故原由、适用性等。

4 资料整理

我曾见过有学生将资文献分成个很多文件夹，比如文献综述的理论装一个文件夹，关于某意见装一个文件夹，文件夹里还有文件夹。

这种做法，就像俄罗斯套娃一样，一环套一环，非常分散，看不到全局，看不得主题，实际上对写作非常不利。

我平常看论文喜好把文献放在一个文件夹，这样就有一个统辖全局的视野。
比较主要的就在前面标“A”，这样便于我轻松找到。

当然，有的人会说，文献太多了，不分类不知道文章内容的重点。

实在，这是由于你的阅读能力和接管能力不过关。
如果你常常看文献，就会创造有的文献看一眼题目就知道它的内容。
纵然是扎堆的一两百篇文献，也能够很轻松的从里面找到你想要的。

5 写作和修正

还是那句话，写作之前先构思框架，构思框架先要构思主体部分，文献综述可放后面写。

我是皇家学术大佬，会持续分享科研干货，欢迎大家多多关注